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Vaccines

Meningococcal vaccine — fear of the disease or of complications?

Sources: 11 · Article: 13 903 characters

The STOP NOP Association states that the mortality rate for meningococcal sepsis may reach 20–70%.

  • In Poland, 167 cases of meningococcal sepsis were recorded in 2013, and young children and young people are most at risk of infection.
  • If sepsis occurs within four weeks of vaccination, a doctor should report it as an adverse event with a temporal and possible causal association.
  • Among 234 conscripts who received several vaccines, including one against meningococcal type A, eight showed symptoms of myocarditis.

What the authors write

Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

Meningococcal sepsis is rare; 167 cases were recorded in Poland in 2013.

„Meningococcal sepsis is extremely rare. For example, 167 cases were recorded in Poland in 2013. The disease most often affects children aged 3 months to 1 year. Many cases also occur in children up to 5 years old, as well as teenagers and young adults aged 16–21.”Sepsa meningokokowa jest niezwykle rzadka. Np. w Polsce w 2013 roku zarejestrowano 167 przypadków posocznicy meningokokowej. Najczęściej chorują dzieci w wieku od 3 miesięcy do 1 roku życia. Wiele przypadków choroby występuje też u dzieci w wieku do 5 lat oraz nastolatków i młodych dorosłych w wieku 16- 21 lat.
Czy należy się bać sepsy meningokokowej? – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

The mortality rate for meningococcal infections is about 10%, and in cases of sepsis it may reach 20–70%.

„The mortality rate associated with meningococcal infections is about 10%, but it is high in cases that take the form of sepsis and may range from 20% to as much as 70%. In addition, in meningococcal sepsis, as many as 50% of deaths occur within the first 24 hours after symptoms appear.”Śmiertelność związana z zakażeniami meningokokami wynosi około 10%, ale w przypadkach przebiegających pod postacią sepsy jest wysoka i może sięgać od 20% do nawet 70%. Dodatkowo, w sepsie meningokokowej aż 50% zgonów ma miejsce w ciągu pierwszej doby od momentu pojawienia się objawów choroby.
Czy należy się bać sepsy meningokokowej? – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

The infection can develop rapidly, be severe, and initially resemble a cold.

„In addition, the disease can develop very quickly, and its course is usually very severe. Symptoms do not occur in any set order, and some may not occur at all. In many cases, the disease is diagnosed very late because, in the early stages of infection, patients report symptoms similar to those of a cold: ?”Dodatkowo choroba może rozwijać się bardzo szybko, a jej przebieg jest zwykle bardzo ciężki. Objawy nie występują w określonej kolejności, a część z nich może nie wystąpić w ogóle. Choroba diagnozowana jest w wielu przypadkach bardzo późno gdyż w początkowej fazie zakażenia chorzy zgłaszają objawy podobne do przeziębienia: ?
Czy należy się bać sepsy meningokokowej? – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

Young children and young people are most at risk of the disease.

„Young children (from three months to five years old) and young people (between 16 and 26 years old) are most at risk of meningococcal disease. In the first group, the risk is due to an immune system that is not yet fully developed; in the second, ?”Na chorobę wywołaną przez meningokoki najbardziej narażone są małe dzieci (od trzeciego miesiąca do piątego roku życia) oraz osoby młode (między 16 a 26 rokiem życia). W pierwszym przypadku zagrożenie wynika z nie w pełni dojrzałego układu odpornościowego, w drugim ?
Nie można się zarazić sepsą i nie ma przeciw niej szczepionki – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

Available vaccines do not cover all types of meningococci and are not fully effective.

„Available vaccines do not cover all types of the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. Like any vaccine, they are not 100% effective. If a doctor confirms that you have meningococcal disease, your body will develop natural immunity.”Dostępne szczepionki nie obejmują wszystkich typów bakterii Neisseria meningitidis. Podobnie jak w przypadku każdej szczepionki nie są w 100% skuteczne. Jeżeli lekarz potwierdzi, że masz chorobę meningokokową, twój organizm będzie rozwijać naturalną odporność.
Czy należy się bać sepsy meningokokowej? – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

Conjugate vaccines against meningococcal group C are not mandatory, and they are more effective than polysaccharide vaccines.

„Conjugate vaccines are more effective, and immunity after vaccination lasts longer than with polysaccharide vaccines. It is difficult to determine how long immunity lasts after vaccination because conjugate vaccines were introduced relatively recently.”Skuteczność szczepionek koniugowanych jest wyższa, a odporność po szczepieniu utrzymuje się dłużej niż w przypadku preparatów polisacharydowych. Czas, na jaki uzyskuje się odporność po zaszczepieniu jest trudny do określenia ze względu na stosunkowo niedawne wprowadzenie preparatów koniugowanych do użycia.
Nie można się zarazić sepsą i nie ma przeciw niej szczepionki – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

If sepsis occurs within four weeks of vaccination, a doctor should report it as an adverse event with a temporal and possible causal association.

„Sepsis is also listed in the Regulation of the Minister of Health on adverse post-vaccination reactions, and every case occurring within 4 weeks of vaccination should be reported by a doctor as an adverse post-vaccination reaction with a temporal and possible causal association.”Posocznica (sepsa) jest wymieniona również w Rozporządzeniu Ministra Zdrowia w sprawie niepożądanych odczynów poszczepiennych i każdy przypadek, który miał miejsce 4 tygodnie od wykonania szczepienia powinien być zgłoszony przez lekarza jako niepożądany odczyn poszczepienny o związku czasowym i możliwym przyczynowym.
Czy należy się bać sepsy meningokokowej? – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

Among 234 conscripts who received several vaccines, including one against meningococcal type A, eight showed symptoms of myocarditis.

„Of 234 Finnish conscripts vaccinated against mumps, polio, tetanus, smallpox, diphtheria, and meningococcal type A, 8 (3%) showed symptoms of myocarditis within 6 weeks.1 As a rule, post-vaccination complications occur more often in women, whereas myocarditis occurs more often in men.”Spośród 234 fińskich poborowych szczepionych przeciwko śwince, polio, tężcowi, ospie, błonicy i dwoinkom zapalenia opon mózgowych typu A, u 8 (3%) w ciągu 6 tygodni obserwowano objawy zapalenia mięśnia sercowego.1 Z reguły powikłania poszczepienne występują częściej u kobiet, natomiast zapalenie mięśnia sercowego częściej występuje u mężczyzn.
Zapalenie serca po szczepieniach – dowody naukowe – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"
Stowarzyszenie STOP NOP

The increase in diagnosed meningococcal infections was linked in part to the emergence and spread of a new group C strain.

„This phenomenon, as well as the increased number of meningococcal infections, is partly due to the emergence and spread in our country of a new strain of meningococcal serogroup C. Page 4 Is sepsis something new? Not at all.”To zjawisko, jak również zwiększona liczba przypadków zakażeń wywołanych przez meningokoki wynika częściowo z pojawienia się i rozprzestrzenienia w naszym kraju nowego szczepu meningokoka grupy serologicznej C. Page 4 Czy sepsa to coś nowego? W żadnym wypadku.
Nie można się zarazić sepsą i nie ma przeciw niej szczepionki – Ogólnopolskie Stowarzyszenie Wiedzy o Szczepieniach "STOP NOP"

Research from PubMed · Europe PMC

We selected 5 studies with the best, positive results. This is a selection, not a full review of all research.

Total number of studies on this topic in PubMed: 3 463.

Conjugate vaccines against meningococcal group C reduced the disease burden among infants, older children, and adults in the United Kingdom and Canada.

Aim of the study: The 5 major pathogenic serogroups of the Gram-negative encapsulated bacterium Neisseria meningitidis are A, B, C, Y, and W135. In the 1960s, vaccines consisting of purified capsular polysaccharide antigens were developed against serogroups A, C, Y, and W135. These vaccines were highly effective among adults but were not efficacious among infants and young children. Capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines were subsequently developed.

Results: Monovalent serogroup C conjugate vaccines have been successful in reducing the burden of serogroup C meningococcal disease among infants, older children, and adults in the United Kingdom and Canada. Tetravalent serogroup A/C/W/Y conjugate vaccines are in late stage development. The use of serogroup B capsular polysaccharide as the basis for a vaccine for prevention of serogroup B meningococcal disease has proved problematic. The recent sequencing of the serogroup B genome led to the identification of additional, genome-derived, neisserial antigens, through a process called "reverse vaccinology."

Meningococcal vaccines. · Pediatr Infect Dis J 2004
Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

After conjugate vaccines were introduced, there was a marked reduction in cases and deaths from meningococcal disease.

Aim of the study: Since the introduction of the first meningococcal conjugate vaccines in 1999, remarkable progress has been made in reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by meningococcal disease. Currently, varying meningococcal conjugate vaccines provide protection against serogroups A, C, Y, and W meningococcal disease.

Results: Issues remain that require continued vigilance with disease surveillance and frequent reassessment of vaccine strategies. These issues include duration of protection, potential increases in non-vaccine serogroups, and vaccine safety and potential interference with other routine vaccines. Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines are protein-based vaccines, with the first approved in early 2013. Understanding the potential impact of serogroup B vaccines is critical to developing future meningococcal vaccination strategies.

Meningococcal vaccines: current issues and future strategies. · Drugs 2013
Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

After meningococcal vaccination was introduced in China, the incidence of meningitis fell markedly.

Aim of the study: Meningococcal meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis is a reportable infectious disease in China, due to the high incidence of meningitis in the era before the availability of vaccines. The disease incidence was markedly reduced after meningococcal vaccination was introduced in the 1980s.

Results: Currently, there are polysaccharide, conjugate, and combined vaccine formulations against meningococcal meningitis in the Chinese market, almost all of which are produced by domestic manufacturers. It is necessary to further enhance national meningococcal surveillance to improve the level of prevention and control of meningococcus. However, the immune efficacy and persistence of immunity of vaccines should be monitored. More importantly, additional investments should be made to develop serogroup B meningococcal vaccines.

Meningococcal vaccines in China. · Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021
Money for the studygovernment, public institutions · Key Technologies Research and Development Program
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

The MenACYW-TT vaccine had a consistent safety profile, and serious adverse events related to the vaccine were rare.

Aim of the study: Routine meningococcal vaccination campaigns have substantially reduced the burden of invasive meningococcal disease in pediatric individuals, leading to relative increases in burden in older age groups. There is a need for safe, effective meningococcal vaccines that can be used across broad age ranges. MenACYW-TT, a quadrivalent tetanus-toxoid-conjugate meningococcal vaccine indicated for individuals aged ≥6 weeks, is one such option.

Narrative review of the clinical safety of MenACYW-TT: a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine conjugated to tetanus toxoid licensed in the US and abroad. · Expert Rev Vaccines 2026
Money for the studycompany or manufacturer · Sanofi
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?YES
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

The 4CMenB vaccine was found to be safe and to trigger an immune response, and was predicted to protect against a substantial proportion of MenB cases in England and Wales.

Aim of the study: Meningococcal disease remains a devastating and feared infection with a significant morbidity and mortality profile. The successful impact of meningococcal capsular group C glyconconjugate vaccines introduced into the UK infant immunization schedule in 1999, has resulted in >80% of disease now being attributable to meningococcal capsular group B (MenB).

Results: Recently, a four component vaccine to combat MenB disease (4CMenB) has progressed through clinical development and was approved by the European Medicines Agency at the end of 2012. This vaccine has proven safe and immunogenic and has been predicted to provide protection against ~73% of the MenB disease from England and Wales. Recommendation/implementation of the vaccine into the UK infant schedule is currently being evaluated. 4CMenB has the potential to provide protection against a significant proportion of MenB disease in the UK which is currently unpreventable.

Meningococcal group B vaccines. · Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013
Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

Perspectives and opinion materials

The content below presents the authors’ opinions, interpretations and hypotheses. It is not treated as equal to scientific studies and systematic reviews.

Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„In some instances, particularly viral meningitis, the infection is mild, requires no treatment and lasts a short time. But bacterial meningitis can be a lethal disease that can kill in hours. The worst mistake for parents to make is the fatal misdiagnosis of flu. The early stages of meningitis can be very similar. But they should suspect meningitis when a child experiences fever, severe headache, vomiting, complains of a painful stiff neck, cold hands and feet, is confused, has a convulsion or develops a blotchy rash that fails to go away with pressure. Unfortunately, this couple played doctor too long.”In some instances, particularly viral meningitis, the infection is mild, requires no treatment and lasts a short time. But bacterial meningitis can be a lethal disease that can kill in hours. The worst mistake for parents to make is the fatal misdiagnosis of flu. The early stages of meningitis can be very similar. But they should suspect meningitis when a child experiences fever, severe headache, vomiting, complains of a painful stiff neck, cold hands and feet, is confused, has a convulsion or develops a blotchy rash that fails to go away with pressure. Unfortunately, this couple played doctor too long.
Newspaper Syndicate Censors Vitamin C Therapy
Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„One of the "newer kids on the block" have been the meningococcal vaccines, to prevent specific types of meningitis.”One of the "newer kids on the block" have been the meningococcal vaccines, to prevent specific types of meningitis.
VACCINATIONS: To Be or Not to Be
Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„[7-9] (who discovered that vaccines have non-specific effects that can increase or decrease mortality from infectious diseases not targeted by the vaccine), provide additional evidence for an association between increased vaccine doses and higher rates of infant mortality. Vaccine-related morbidity and mortality are more extensive than publicly acknowledged. In Third World nations, numerous studies indicate that DTP and inactivated polio (IPV) vaccines have an inverse safety profile, especially when administered out of sequence [8,9]. Multiple vaccines administered concurrently have also been shown to increase mortality.”[7-9] (who discovered that vaccines have non-specific effects that can increase or decrease mortality from infectious diseases not targeted by the vaccine), provide additional evidence for an association between increased vaccine doses and higher rates of infant mortality. Vaccine-related morbidity and mortality are more extensive than publicly acknowledged. In Third World nations, numerous studies indicate that DTP and inactivated polio (IPV) vaccines have an inverse safety profile, especially when administered out of sequence [8,9]. Multiple vaccines administered concurrently have also been shown to increase mortality.
Positive Correlation between the Number of Vaccine Doses and Infant Mortality

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