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Herbs and plants

Herbs for high blood pressure — which ones do herbalists recommend?

Sources: 19 · Article: 22 472 characters

Henryk Różański lists meconopsis, forget-me-not, and biting stonecrop as herbs used for high blood pressure.

  • He also mentions garlic mustard, scurvy-grass, and a mixture of tinctures made from ginkgo, mistletoe, and hawthorn with honey.
  • Lavender, motherwort, and woundwort contain a compound described as lowering blood pressure, and mistletoe has been recommended for high blood pressure since the early 20th century.
  • An overdose of meconopsis may cause collapse and intoxication, while an overdose of biting stonecrop may cause poisoning, shortness of breath, headache, and kidney irritation.

What the authors write

Henryk Różański

Meconopsis is described as an herb that lowers blood pressure and is indicated for high blood pressure.

„Effects: antispasmodic, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory, choleretic, calming, hypotensive, pain-relieving, and cough-suppressing. Uses: spasms in the abdominal cavity, high blood pressure, biliary dyskinesia, reflux, intestinal inflammation with diarrhea; autonomic neuroses; insomnia; persistent cough; painful menstruation with neuroses and depression.”Działanie: rozkurczowe, przeciwbiegunkowe, przeciwzapalne, żółciopędne, uspokajające, hipotensyjne, przeciwbólowe, przeciwkaszlowe. Wskazania: stany skurczowe w obrębie jamy brzusznej, nadciśnienie, dyskinezy dróg żółciowych, refluks, nieżyt jelit z biegunką; nerwice wegetatywne; bezsenność; uporczywy kaszel; bolesne miesiączkowanie z nerwicami i depresją.
Henryk Różański

Forget-me-not is said to lower blood pressure, and high blood pressure is listed among the conditions for which it is used.

„Effects: antiseptic, stops bleeding, speeds wound healing and skin regrowth, anti-inflammatory, secretolytic, dilates the bronchi, and lowers arterial blood pressure. In large amounts, aqueous extracts of forget-me-not have a laxative and even emetic effect.”Działanie: antyseptyczne, przeciwkrwotoczne, przyspieszające gojenie ran i naskórnikowanie, przeciwzapalne, sekretolityczne, rozszerzające oskrzela, obniżające ciśnienie tętnicze. W dużych wodne wyciągi z niezapominajek wpływają rozwalniająco, a nawet wymiotnie.
Henryk Różański

Biting stonecrop is described as a folk remedy for high blood pressure; doses are given for an infusion, tincture, and powdered herb.

„A valued folk medicine for treating high blood pressure, edema, atherosclerosis, and reduced resistance to infections. Infusion — Infusum Herbae Sedi: 5 of the herb per cup of boiling water; steep covered for 30 minutes, then strain. Drink ½ cup twice a day. Tincture — Tinctura Sedi 1:3: 5 ml twice a day. Powdered herb — Pulvis Sedi acri: 1–1.5 g 3 times a day.”W medycynie ludowej ceniony środek w leczeniu nadciśnienia, obrzęków, miażdżycy i spadku odporności na infekcje. Napar – Infusum Herbae Sedi: 5 surowca na szklankę wrzątku, parzyć pod przykryciem 30 minut, przecedzić. Pić 2 razy dziennie po ½ szklanki. Nalewka – Tinctura Sedi 1:3: 2 razy dziennie po 5 ml. Sproszkowane ziele – Pulvis Sedi acri: 1-1,5 g 3 razy dziennie.
Henryk Różański

Garlic mustard and scurvy-grass are listed as herbs with hypotensive effects.

„garlic mustard — Alliaria (hypotensive, anti-atherosclerotic, cardiotonic, antispasmodic, antiparasitic, antibacterial, expectorant); garlic — Allium; black radish — Raphanus (choleretic, promotes bile production, disinfectant, strengthening); onion — Allium cepa; shepherd’s purse — Capsella (herb that stops bleeding and raises blood pressure, stimulates, and stimulates the heart); hedge mustard — Sisymbrium (expectorant, antiseptic, choleretic, strengthens the heart); pennycress — Thlaspi (stops bleeding, diuretic, disinfects the respiratory, biliary, and urinary systems, antirheumatic); mustard — Sinapis (phytoncidal, warming, mucilaginous); pepperweed — Lepidium (antimicrobial, disinfectant, choleretic, lowers blood cholesterol); scurvy-grass — Cochlearia (warming, stimulates circulation, diuretic, detoxifying, antiseptic, and hypotensive).”czosnaczek – Alliaria (środek hipotensyjny, przeciwmiażdżycowy, nasercowy, rozkurczowy, przeciwpasożytniczy, antybakteryjny, wykrztuśny), czosnek Allium, rzepa czarna – Raphanus (środek żółciopędny, żółciotwórczy, odkażający, wzmacniający), cebula Allium cepa, tasznik – Capsella (zioło przeciwkrwotoczne i odnoszące cisnienie krwi, pobudzające, kardiostymulujące) stulisz – Sisymbrium (środek wykrztuśny, antyseptyczny, żółciopędny, wzmacniający serce), tobołki – Thlaspi (środek przeciwkrwotoczny, moczopędny, odkażający układ oddechowy, żółciowy i moczowy, przeciwreumatyczny), gorczyca – Sinapis (środek fitoncydowy i rozgrzewający, śluzowy), pieprzyca – Lepidium (przeciwdrobnoustrojowy, odkażający, żółciopędny, obniżający poziom cholesterolu we krwi), warzucha – Cochlearia (środek rozgrzewający, pobudzający krążenie, moczopędny, odtruwający, antyseptyczny i hipotensyjny)
Henryk Różański

A mixture of tinctures of ginkgo, mistletoe, and hawthorn with honey is described as a remedy for high blood pressure; one tablespoon once a day is recommended.

„Ginkgo tincture, mistletoe tincture, and hawthorn tincture (flower or fruit) mixed with honey in equal proportions make a good remedy that regulates heart function and blood pressure (for high blood pressure) and eases symptoms of atherosclerosis. Take 1 tablespoon once a day.”Nalewka miłorzębowa, nalewka jemiołowa i nalewka z głogu (kwiat lub owoc) wymieszane z miodem (w równych proporcjach) dają dobry lek regulujący pracę serca i ciśnienie tętnicze krwi (przeciwko nadciśnieniu) oraz łagodzący objawy miażdżycy. Zażywać po 1 łyżce 1 raz dziennie.
Henryk Różański

Mistletoe has been recommended for high blood pressure since the early 20th century, but the account questions whether acetylcholine from mistletoe can have an effect when taken orally.

„Since the early 20th century, mistletoe has been recommended for treating arteriosclerosis and high blood pressure. In the 1940s and 1950s, there was a kind of fascination with mistletoe’s properties. It was even said to act on the heart like digitalis. It was recommended for treating angina. Researchers debated which compound in mistletoe affected blood pressure and which stopped bleeding. Most authors claimed that acetylcholine lowered blood pressure and widened blood vessels. Unfortunately, none of the authors considered that boiling, heating, and consuming mistletoe orally lead to the breakdown and digestion of acetylcholine, so it cannot work when taken orally.”Od początku XX wieku zaczęto jemiołę polecać w leczeniu arteriosklerozy i nadciśnienia. W latach 40 i 50 XX wieku był swoistego rodzaju zachwyt nad właściwościami jemioły. Podawano nawet, że działa na serce jak naparstnica. Polecano ją w leczeniu dusznicy bolesnej. Badacze spierali się, który związek jemioły działa na ciśnienie krwi, a który hemostatycznie. Większość autorów twierdziła, że to acetylocholina obniża ciśnienie krwi i rozszerza naczynia krwionośne. Niestety żaden z autorów, nie pomyślał, że gotowanie, podgrzewanie i spożywanie doustne jemioły prowadzą do rozkładu i trawienia acetylocholiny, przez co nie może ona działać drogą doustną.
Henryk Różański

Lavender, motherwort, and woundwort contain lavandulifolioside, a compound described as lowering blood pressure.

„Lavandulifolioside = lawandulifoliozyd, C34H44 O19, lowers arterial blood pressure and is also found in lavender — Lavandula, motherwort — Leonurus, and woundwort — Stachys. It also affects the heart (reduces the frequency of heart muscle contractions — negative chronotropic effect); see the paper by Leyck-Miłkowska K., Filipek B.”Lavandulifolioside = lawandulifoliozyd, C34H44 O19, obniża ciśnienie tętnicze krwi, występuje również w lawendzie – Lavandula, serdeczniku – Leonurus i czyśćcu – Stachys. Wpływa również na serce (spadek częstości skurczów mięśnia sercowego – chronotropowe ujemne), patrz praca: Leyck-Miłkowskiej K., Filipek B.
Henryk Różański

An infusion of the flowers and an alcoholic extract of the flowers are listed for arterial hypertension, but this account does not name the plant.

„Taken orally, an infusion of the flowers and an alcoholic extract of the flowers are used for weakened blood vessels, rosacea, coronary heart disease, troublesome menopausal symptoms, rheumatism, hair loss, inflammation of the choroid and retina, impaired peripheral and cerebral circulation, impaired ocular circulation, elevated intraocular pressure, and arterial hypertension.”Doustnie napar z kwiatów oraz wyciąg alkoholowy z kwiatów: osłabienie naczyń krwionośnych, trądzik różowaty, choroba wieńcowa, przykre objawy klimakterium, reumatyzm, wypadanie włosów, zapalenie naczyniówki i siatkówki oka, zaburzenia krążenia obwodowego i mózgowego, zaburzenia krążenia ocznego, nadciśnienie śródgałkowe, nadciśnienie tętnicze.
Henryk Różański

Overdosing on or abusing meconopsis is described as dangerous and may cause collapse and intoxication.

„Overdosing on or abusing it is dangerous and may cause collapse and intoxication. Do not give it to children or people with drug addiction. Do not drive motor vehicles after taking meconopsis tincture or liquid extract. Herb infusion — Infusum Meconopsidis: I suggest a dose of 1 teaspoon of chopped herb per cup or glass of boiling water; drink 1–3 times a day.”Przedawkowanie i nadużywanie jest niebezpieczne i może wywołać zapaść oraz odurzenie. Nie podawać dzieciom i narkomanom. Po zażyciu nalewki/intraktu z mekonopsu nie prowadzić pojazdów mechanicznych. Napar z ziela – Infusum Meconopsidis: proponuję dawkę 1 łyżeczki rozdrobnionego ziela na filiżankę lub szklankę wrzątku; pić 1-3 razy dziennie.
Henryk Różański

An overdose of biting stonecrop may cause poisoning, with symptoms such as shortness of breath, headache, and kidney irritation.

„An overdose causes poisoning (ringing in the ears, shortness of breath, headache, irritation of the digestive tract and kidneys). A maceration made from fresh biting stonecrop herb has a skin-lightening effect (removes discoloration and freckles) and softens hardened skin.”Przedawkowany wywołuje zatrucia (szum w uszach, duszności, ból głowy, podrażnienie przewodu pokarmowego i nerek). Macerat ze świeżego ziela rozchodnika działa wybielająco na skórę (usuwa przebarwienia, piegi) i rozmiękczająco na zrogowaciały naskórek.

Research from PubMed · Europe PMC

We selected 8 studies with the best, positive results. This is a selection, not a full review of all research.

Total number of studies on this topic in PubMed: 4 355.

A meta-analysis found that aged garlic extract may lower blood pressure, particularly at doses above 1200 mg per day.

Aim of the study: The existing literature does not provide a consensus on the effect of aged garlic extract (AGE) on blood pressure. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize existing data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effect of AGE supplementation on blood pressure in people with hypertension.

Results: Overall, nine RCTs with 584 participants met the inclusion criteria. AGE supplementation reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD: -4.03; 95% CI: -6.87, -1.20; I2: 57.1%) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD: -1.44; 95% CI: -2.87, -0.02; P = 0.052; I2: 36.8%; P: 0.105). In addition, subgroup analysis showed that higher doses of AGE supplementation significantly reduced DBP and SBP in people with hypertension. The results suggest that AGE supplements may help improve blood pressure in people with hypertension, but significant effects are seen only at doses above 1200 mg/day. Well-designed future trials are needed to confirm these results.

Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studycombined analysis of many studies (meta-analysis)

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

A review found that hibiscus lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure in people with mild or moderate hypertension.

Aim of the study: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of Hibiscus sabdariffa in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension or metabolic syndrome (MetS), compared with placebo, antihypertensive drugs, or other herbal products. Four databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the effectiveness of H. sabdariffa.

Results: When H. sabdariffa was compared with active controls (antihypertensive drugs or other herbal products), the changes in SBP and DBP were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). Hibiscus sabdariffa is effective in reducing SBP and DBP in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, but it was not effective in those with MetS and was not superior to antihypertensive drugs. Further RCTs are needed to determine the long-term effectiveness of H. sabdariffa and identify the patients who would benefit most from this treatment.

Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studycombined analysis of many studies (meta-analysis)

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

A meta-analysis found that garlic lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared with placebo.

Aim of the study: Garlic has been shown to have cardiovascular-protective and immunomodulatory properties. We updated a previous meta-analysis on the effect of garlic on blood pressure and reviewed the effects of garlic on cholesterol and immunity.

Results: Our updated meta-analysis of garlic’s effect on blood pressure, which included 20 trials with 970 participants, found a mean ± SE decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 5.1 ± 2.2 mm Hg (P < 0.001) and a mean ± SE decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 2.5 ± 1.6 mm Hg (P < 0.002) compared with placebo. Subgroup analysis of trials involving participants with hypertension at baseline (SBP/DBP ≥140/90 mm Hg) found a larger, significant reduction in SBP of 8.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg (P < 0.001; n = 10) and in DBP of 6.1 ± 1.3 mm Hg (P < 0.001; n = 6). A previously published meta-analysis of garlic’s effect on blood lipids, which included 39 primary RCTs and 2300 adults treated for at least 2 weeks, suggested that garlic can reduce total and LDL cholesterol by 10% when taken for more than 2 months by people with slightly elevated levels [e.g., total cholesterol >200 mg/dL (>5.5 mmol/L)].

Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studycombined analysis of many studies (meta-analysis)

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

In a study, celery seed extract lowered blood pressure in people with hypertension.

Aim of the study: In this study, the antihypertensive effects of celery seed extract (Apium graveolens), containing active ingredients such as 3-n-butylphthalide, were examined as a supplement in the treatment of hypertension. This was a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial.

Results: In addition, mean arterial blood pressure changed from 108.5 ± 5.76 to 99.5 ± 4.66 mmHg (p < .001), and pulse pressure decreased from 49.0 ± 6.21 to 45.8 ± 6.01 mmHg (p < .01). However, no significant changes in these measures were observed in the placebo group (p > .05). No significant side effects were reported in the celery group compared with the placebo group (p > .05). The results were promising and indicated that celery seed extract may have therapeutic effects as a supplement in managing hypertension.

Money for the studyuniversity or foundation · Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studystudy with random allocation to groups (RCT)

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

The study found that olive leaf extract lowered 24-hour systolic blood pressure and improved several other health indicators.

Aim of the study: The aim of this trial was to assess the effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) on blood pressure (BP) control in patients receiving treatment for hypertension.

Results: OLE significantly reduced 24-hour SBP compared with baseline and the placebo group [by -6.4 mmHg (95% confidence interval, 95% CI -10 to -2.1) and -1.5 mmHg (95% CI -3.9 to 0.51), respectively; P < 0.01]. In the OLE group, systolic BPL decreased from 53.9% at baseline to 42.2% at 12 weeks (P = 0.03); in the placebo group, it did not change significantly (P = 0.55). Diastolic BPL decreased from 30.7% to 21.2% (P = 0.03) in the OLE group and did not change significantly in the placebo group (P = 0.12). In the OLE group, systolic BPV did not change significantly between baseline and week 12 [+2%; P = 0.23], while diastolic BPV decreased significantly [-13.3%; P = 0.04]. In the placebo group, BPV did not change significantly at week 12 compared with baseline. OLE was associated with an improved lipid profile and significant reductions in blood glucose, triglycerides, CRP, and body weight. No significant adverse events were reported.

Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studystudy with random allocation to groups (RCT)
Participants621

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

Adding aged black garlic extract was associated with a small decrease in blood pressure in people being treated for hypertension.

Aim of the study: The use of garlic (Allium sativum) to treat arterial hypertension has been recognized as effective for several decades. However, treatment tolerance is low, and several technological changes have been developed to improve tolerability, such as aging the garlic at controlled temperature and humidity.

Results: A reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 1.8 mmHg (0.7 to 4.1, 95% CI) and 1.5 mmHg (0.3 to 3.0, 95% CI), respectively, was observed. Blood nitric oxide also increased (10.3 µM, 1.1 to 19.5, 95% CI), as did antioxidant capacity (7 × 10-3 µM TE/min, 1.2 to 13 × 10-3, 95% CI), while uric acid levels (-0.3 mg/dL, -0.5 to -0.001, 95% CI) and ACE activity (-9.3 U/L; -18.4 to -0.4, 95% CI) decreased. No changes in endothelial function or inflammatory cytokines were observed. The study concluded that low-dose SAC supplementation in an optimized black garlic extract allows an additional significant reduction in blood pressure in people with Grade I hypertension receiving drug treatment.

Money for the studycompany or manufacturer · Pharmactive Biotech S.L.U., Pharmactive Biotech Products SL
Do the authors have ties to companies?yes — the authors reported it
Did a manufacturer help with the study?YES
Type of studystudy with random allocation to groups (RCT)

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

The review describes studies in which Pycnogenol lowered blood pressure in people with mild or moderate hypertension.

Aim of the study: This review updates the evidence on the biological effects of Pycnogenol® in treating metabolic syndrome and related disorders, such as obesity, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, and hypertension. Pycnogenol® is an extract of the outer bark of the French maritime pine, Pinus pinaster Ait.

Results: Its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, endothelium-dependent vasodilating, and antithrombotic effects make it suitable for targeting the complex causes of metabolic syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that it can reduce blood glucose levels in people with diabetes, blood pressure in people with mild to moderate hypertension, and waist circumference, and can improve lipid profile, kidney function, and endothelial function in metabolic syndrome. This review highlights the causes of metabolic syndrome and related clinical research findings on the safety and effectiveness of Pycnogenol®. The results of clinical studies of Pycnogenol® are discussed using an evidence-based, target-oriented approach that considers the causes of individual components as well as metabolic syndrome overall.

Money for the studynot stated
Do the authors have ties to companies?not stated
Did a manufacturer help with the study?unknown
Type of studydiscussion of other studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

A meta-analysis found that traditional Chinese medicine lowered blood pressure slightly but significantly in people with hypertension and insomnia.

Aim of the study: Hypertension and insomnia often occur together and share disturbances in neurophysiological and vascular regulation, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) uses syndrome differentiation to guide treatment choices for sleep problems and blood pressure regulation.

Results: Of 940 records screened, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, and 12 trials provided data suitable for quantitative analysis. The analysis showed a significant improvement in sleep quality with syndrome-informed TCM (SMD -2.21, 95% CI -3.26 to -1.16). The reduction in blood pressure was smaller but statistically significant (SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.21), with systolic reductions ranging from 2.5 to 6.2 mmHg in groups with hypertension. The RCT analysis showed greater improvement in sleep with TCM in patients who met defined syndrome criteria, with mild adverse events and variation in outcomes related to syndrome criteria, treatment type, and duration. Overall, the findings indicate a marked improvement in sleep and a reduction in blood pressure with syndrome-informed TCM.

Money for the studygovernment, public institutions · Shandong Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project
Do the authors have ties to companies?no — the authors say so
Did a manufacturer help with the study?NO
Type of studyreview of many studies

“Not stated” does not mean nobody paid — the database does not always record it.

Perspectives and opinion materials

The content below presents the authors’ opinions, interpretations and hypotheses. It is not treated as equal to scientific studies and systematic reviews.

Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„The Hidden Mineral Deficiency that Induces Hypertension. Grant WB. The Top 18 Vitamin D Papers in 2015-2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Types of Stroke. Steiner M. Vitamin E, a modifier of platelet function: rationale and use in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Nutr Rev. (1999) Oct;57:306-309. Schürks M., et al. Effects of Vitamin E on Stroke Subtypes: Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. BMJ 341 (Nov 4, 2010):c5702. Saul AW. (2011) Vitamin E Attacked Again Of Course. Because It Works. Hoffer A., Saul AW Orthomolecular Medicine for Everyone: Megavitamin Therapeutics for Families and Physicians.”The Hidden Mineral Deficiency that Induces Hypertension. Grant WB. The Top 18 Vitamin D Papers in 2015-2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC), Types of Stroke. Steiner M. Vitamin E, a modifier of platelet function: rationale and use in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Nutr Rev. (1999) Oct;57:306-309. Schürks M., et al. Effects of Vitamin E on Stroke Subtypes: Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. BMJ 341(Nov 4, 2010):c5702. Saul AW. (2011) Vitamin E Attacked Again Of Course. Because It Works. Hoffer A., Saul AW Orthomolecular Medicine for Everyone: Megavitamin Therapeutics for Families and Physicians.
Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„Journal of Clinical Medicine 11:398. PMID: 35054091 84. Lopez-Huertas E, Fonolla J (2017) Hydroxytyrosol supplementation increases vitamin C levels in vivo. A human volunteer trial. Redox Biology 11:384-389. PMID: 28063380 85. Tripoli E, Giammanco M, Tabacchi G et al. (2005) The phenolic compounds of olive oil: structure, biological activity and beneficial effects on human health. Nutrition Research Reviews 18:98-112. PMID: 19079898 86. Fito M, Gimeno E, Covas M et al. (2002) Postprandial and short-term effects of dietary virgin olive oil on oxidant/antioxidant status. Lipids 37:245-251. PMID: 11942474 87.”Journal of Clinical Medicine 11:398. PMID: 35054091 84. Lopez-Huertas E, Fonolla J (2017) Hydroxytyrosol supplementation increases vitamin C levels in vivo. A human volunteer trial. Redox Biology 11:384-389. PMID: 28063380 85. Tripoli E, Giammanco M, Tabacchi G et al. (2005) The phenolic compounds of olive oil: structure, biological activity and beneficial effects on human health. Nutrition Research Reviews 18:98-112. PMID: 19079898 86. Fito M, Gimeno E, Covas M et al. (2002) Postprandial and short-term effects of dietary virgin olive oil on oxidant/antioxidant status. Lipids 37:245-251. PMID: 11942474 87.
Orthomolecular Medicine News Service Opinion material
„Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2014:798957. Gamal F, Agami O, Salamah A (2022) Coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: a randomized controlled trial. CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets 21:717-723. Burke B, Neuenschwander R, Olson R (2001) Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 in isolated systolic hypertension. Southern Medical Journal 94:1112-1117. Rosenfeldt F, Hilton D, Pepe S, Krum H (2003) Systematic review of effect of coenzyme Q10 in physical exercise, hypertension and heart failure. Biofactors 18:91-100. Rosenfeldt F, Haas S, Krum H et al.”Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2014:798957. Gamal F, Agami O, Salamah A (2022) Coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: a randomized controlled trial. CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets 21:717-723. Burke B, Neuenschwander R, Olson R (2001) Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 in isolated systolic hypertension. Southern Medical Journal 94:1112-1117. Rosenfeldt F, Hilton D, Pepe S, Krum H (2003) Systematic review of effect of coenzyme Q10 in physical exercise, hypertension and heart failure. Biofactors 18:91-100. Rosenfeldt F, Haas S, Krum H et al.

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